02305nas a2200217   4500008004100000245010500041210006900146260000900215300001600224490000800240520167100248653001701919653001301936653001401949653001401963653001401977653000901991100002002000700002102020856004602041       2009                        eng d00aGenomic linkage of male song and female acoustic preference QTL underlying a rapid species radiation0 aGenomic linkage of male song and female acoustic preference QTL   cJune  a9737–97420 v1063 a10.1073/pnas.0900229106 The genetic coupling hypothesis of signal-preference evolution, whereby the same genes control male signal and female preference for that signal, was first inspired by the evolution of cricket acoustic communication nearly 50 years ago. To examine this hypothesis, we compared the genomic location of quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying male song and female acoustic preference variation in the Hawaiian cricket genus . We document a QTL underlying female acoustic preference variation between 2 closely related species ( and ). This preference QTL colocalizes with a song QTL identified previously, providing compelling evidence for a genomic linkage of the genes underlying these traits. We show that both song and preference QTL make small to moderate contributions to the behavioral difference between species, suggesting that divergence in mating behavior among species is due to the fixation of many genes of minor effect. The diversity of acoustic signaling systems in crickets exemplifies the evolution of elaborate male displays by sexual selection through female choice. Our data reveal genetic conditions that would enable functional coordination between song and acoustic preference divergence during speciation, resulting in a behaviorally coupled mode of signal-preference evolution. Interestingly, exhibits one of the fastest rates of speciation in animals, concomitant with equally rapid evolution in sexual signaling behaviors. Genomic linkage may facilitate rapid speciation by contributing to genetic correlations between sexual signaling behaviors that eventually cause sexual isolation between diverging populations.10abioacoustics10acrickets10aevolution10aorthopera10aradiation10asong1 aShaw, Kerry, L.1 aLesnick, Sky, C.  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.090022910601669nas a2200217   4500008004100000245007300041210006900114260000800183300001600191490000800207520103300215653001701248653001001265653002701275653001401302653001001316100003101326700002601357700002201383856004601405       2009                        eng d00aCharacter displacement of song and morphology in African tinkerbirds0 aCharacter displacement of song and morphology in African tinkerb  cMay  a8256–82610 v1063 a10.1073/pnas.0810124106 Divergence in acoustic signals between populations of animals can lead to species recognition failure, reproductive isolation, and speciation. Character displacement may facilitate coexistence of species in natural communities, yet evidence for character displacement in acoustic signals is scant. Here, we find evidence of character displacement in song as well as body size and bill size of 2 related African tinkerbirds. Playback experiments indicate that related species' songs are perceived differently in sympatry than in allopatry. We suggest character displacement occurs in phenotypic traits facilitating species recognition, which has important implications for understanding the processes that lead to speciation and diversification. Because many of the sites where the 2 species coexist are areas where pristine rainforest has been degraded, results also suggest that anthropogenic pressures resulting from deforestation may be a contributing cause of character displacement in these species.10abioacoustics10abirds10acharacter-displacement10aevolution10asongs1 aKirschel, Alexander, N. G.1 aBlumstein, Daniel, T.1 aSmith, Thomas, B.  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0810124106