02072nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001300041245012200054210006900176260001000245300001200255490000700267520143300274653001001707653001501717653001701732653001401749653001201763653001601775100001101791856005201802       2003                        eng d  a0167880900aSpatial clustering of rangeland grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in the Qinghai Lake region of northwestern China0 aSpatial clustering of rangeland grasshoppers Orthoptera Acridida  cApril  a61–680 v953 aGeostatistical analyses were used to examine the pattern of spatial distribution of rangeland grasshoppers in the basin of Qinghai Lake in northwestern China. Two sampling expeditions were undertaken to collect relevant data. In the first case, data were collected across an area of 1295 km 2 to the west of the lake in August 1999. Moran's I was used to analyze spatial clustering of grasshoppers across this study region. Local G -statistics were used to analyze the pattern of grasshopper population density using two units of distance (100 m and 1 km). The analyses revealed spatial clustering at both 300–1300 m and 13–16 km. In the second expedition, in July 2000, grasshoppers were sampled at a fine scale (100, 30 m×30 m plots) in a smaller area (Tiebujia) embedded within the previous region. The correlograms of Moran's I showed a strong, positive spatial correlation among the densities of both: all grasshoppers and the dominant species ( Myrmeleotettix palpalis Zub.), with clustering at a separation distance of 120 m. Analysis of the local G -statistic value in the regularly sampled area indicated that clustering occurred mainly between 120 and 150 m. These analyses showed that the rangeland grasshoppers in the study area had an obvious spatial clustering which varied with the spatial scale. At a large scale, clustering occurs at 13–16 km and at a local-scale at 120–150 and 300–1300 m.10achina10aclustering10agrasshoppers10agrassland10ahabitat10aorthooptera1 aNi, S.  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(02)00165-203116nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001300041245015000054210006900204260001000273300001400283490000700297520237700304653001202681653001802693653001102711653001702722100002202739700002502761700002402786700002302810856005302833       2004                        eng d  a0377839800aEnvironmental and biological effects on the stable isotope composition of recent deep-sea benthic foraminifera from the western Mediterranean Sea0 aEnvironmental and biological effects on the stable isotope compo  cApril  a129–1520 v513 aThe influence of microhabitat, organic matter flux, and metabolism on the stable oxygen and carbon isotope composition of live (Rose Bengal stained) and dead (empty tests) deep-sea benthic foraminifera from the Gulf of Lions (western Mediterranean Sea) have been studied. The total range of observed foraminiferal isotope values exceeds 1.0‰ for δ 18 O and 2.2‰ for δ 13 C demonstrating a wide range of coexisting disequilibria relative to δ 18 O of equilibrium calcite ( δ 18 O EQ ) and δ 13 C of bottom water dissolved inorganic carbon ( δ 13 C DIC ). The mean δ 18 O values reveal strongest disequilibria for the studied epifaunal to shallow infaunal species ( Cibicidoides pachydermus , Uvigerina mediterranea , Uvigerina peregrina ) while values approach equilibrium in deep infaunal species ( Globobulimina affinis , Globobulimina pseudospinescens ). The mean δ 13 C values decrease with increasing average living depths of the different species, thus reflecting a dominant microhabitat (pore water) signal. At the axis of the Lacaze-Duthier Canyon a minimum δ 13 C DIC pore water gradient of approximately −2.1‰ is assessed for the upper 6 cm of the surface sediment. Although live individuals of U. mediterranea were found in different depth intervals their mean δ 13 C values are consistent with calcification at an average living depth around 1 cm. The deep infaunal occurrence of U. mediterranea specimens suggests association with macrofaunal burrows creating a microenvironment with geochemical characteristics similar to the topmost centimeter. This also explains the excellent agreement between stable isotope signals of live and dead individuals. The ontogenetic enrichment in both δ 18 O and δ 13 C values of U. mediterranea suggests a slow-down of metabolic rates during test growth similar to that previously observed in planktic foraminifera. Enhanced organic carbon fluxes and higher proportion of resuspended terrestrial organic material at the canyon axis are reflected by δ 13 C values of U. mediterranea on average 0.58‰ lower than those from the open slope. These results demonstrate the general applicability of the δ 13 C signal of this species for the reconstruction of past organic matter fluxes in the Mediterranean Sea. Further studies on live specimens are needed for a more quantitative paleoceanographic approach.10ahabitat10ainvertebrates10amarine10amicrohabitat1 aSchmiedl, Gerhard1 aPfeilsticker, Martin1 aHemleben, Christoph1 aMackensen, Andreas  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2003.10.00100659nas a2200193   4500008004100000022001400041245017800055210006900233260000800302300001400310490000700324653001200331653001200343653001800355653001700373100002000390700001800410856003700428       2004                        eng d  a0278-037200aMICROHABITAT USE BY THE SOLDIER CRAB MICTYRIS BREVIDACTYLUS (BRACHYURA: MICTYRIDAE): INTERCHANGEABILITY OF SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE FEEDING THROUGH BURROW STRUCTURE ALTERATION0 aMICROHABITAT USE BY THE SOLDIER CRAB MICTYRIS BREVIDACTYLUS BRAC  cMay  a327–3390 v2410aecology10ahabitat10ainvertebrates10amicrohabitat1 aTakeda, Satoshi1 aMurai, Minoru  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1651/C-2436