@article {Riach2004Ecosystem,
	title = {Ecosystem Approach to Rapid Health Assessments among Indigenous Cultures in Degraded Tropical Rainforest Environments: Case Study of Unexplained Deaths among the Secoya of Ecuador},
	journal = {EcoHealth},
	volume = {1},
	number = {1},
	year = {2004},
	month = {March},
	pages = {86{\textendash}100},
	abstract = {Large-scale economically-driven encroachments into tropical rainforest environments are major factors for disease emergence. A better understanding of the process of disease emergence can be best derived from a multilevel, transdisciplinary ecosystem approach that analyzes health data in its biological, ecological, social, and cultural context. Multiple methods, including ethnographic techniques, are recommended for such an approach. The value of this approach and methodology is presented in this article through a rapid health assessment case study of an unexplained fatal syndrome that occurred among the Secoya peoples of the Ecuadorian Amazon in 1999. This type of study is significant given the lack of health data for indigenous populations at risk of disease emergence. Moreover, indigenous cultures share a long-term, close relationship to the land and each other, which makes information about changes in their environment and health patterns highly salient to them. This local knowledge is of strategic value to researchers working on issues of environmental change and disease emergence.},
	keywords = {amazon, chernobyl, diseases, health, secoya, tropics},
	doi = {10.1007/s10393-004-0007-8},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10393-004-0007-8},
	author = {Riach, JamesR}
}
@article {Stickler2009Potential,
	title = {The potential ecological costs and cobenefits of REDD: a critical review and case study from the Amazon region},
	journal = {Global Change Biology},
	volume = {15},
	number = {12},
	year = {2009},
	month = {December},
	pages = {2803{\textendash}2824},
	address = {The Woods Hole Research Center, 149 Woods Hole Road, Falmouth, MA 02540, USA; Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amaznia, SHIN CA-5, Lote J2, Bloco J2, Brasilia-DF, CEP: 71503-505, Brazil; School of Natural Resources and Environment, Department of Geograp},
	abstract = {The United Nations climate treaty may soon include a mechanism for compensating tropical nations that succeed in reducing carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, source of nearly one fifth of global carbon emissions. We review the potential for this mechanism [reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD)] to provoke ecological damages and promote ecological cobenefits. Nations could potentially participate in REDD by slowing clear-cutting of mature tropical forest, slowing or decreasing the impact of selective logging, promoting forest regeneration and restoration, and expanding tree plantations. REDD could also foster efforts to reduce the incidence of forest fire. Potential ecological costs include the accelerated loss (through displaced agricultural expansion) of low-biomass, high-conservation-value ecosystems, and substitution of low-biomass vegetation by monoculture tree plantations. These costs could be avoided through measures that protect low-biomass native ecosystems. Substantial ecological cobenefits should be conferred under most circumstances, and include the maintenance or restoration of (1) watershed functions, (2) local and regional climate regimes, (3) soils and biogeochemical processes, (4) water quality and aquatic habitat, and (5) terrestrial habitat. Some tools already being developed to monitor, report and verify (MRV) carbon emissions performance can also be used to measure other elements of ecosystem function, making development of MRV systems for ecological cobenefits a concrete possibility. Analysis of possible REDD program interventions in a large-scale Amazon landscape indicates that even modest flows of forest carbon funding can provide substantial cobenefits for aquatic ecosystems, but that the functional integrity of the landscape{\textquoteright}s myriad small watersheds would be best protected under a more even spatial distribution of forests. Because of its focus on an ecosystem service with global benefits, REDD could access a large pool of global stakeholders willing to pay to maintain carbon in forests, thereby providing a potential cascade of ecosystem services to local stakeholders who would otherwise be unable to afford them.},
	keywords = {amazon, biodiversity, co2, conservation, neotropics, redd, tropics},
	issn = {13541013},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02109.x},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02109.x},
	author = {Stickler, Claudia M. and Nepstad, Daniel C. and Coe, Michael T. and McGRATH, David G. and Rodrigues, Hermann O. and Walker, Wayne S. and Soares-Filho, Britaldo S. and Davidson, Eric A.}
}
@article {Kraft2010Functional,
	title = {Functional trait and phylogenetic tests of community assembly across spatial scales in an Amazonian forest},
	journal = {Ecological Monographs},
	year = {2010},
	month = {January},
	pages = {100318220649095+},
	keywords = {amazon, communities, ecology},
	issn = {0012-9615},
	doi = {10.1890/09-1672},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/09-1672},
	author = {Kraft, Nathan and Ackerly, David}
}
