@booklet {Trash,
	title = {Trash vortex in the Pacific video},
	year = {Submitted},
	keywords = {environment, migration, pacific, pollution, trash},
	url = {http://planetgreen.discovery.com/videos/g-word-pacific-ocean-trash-vortex.html}
}
@article {Rubolini2007Longterm,
	title = {Long-term trends in first arrival and first egg laying dates of some migrant and resident bird species in northern Italy},
	journal = {International Journal of Biometeorology},
	volume = {51},
	number = {6},
	year = {2007},
	month = {August},
	pages = {553{\textendash}563},
	publisher = {Springer},
	keywords = {arrival, birds, europe, italy, migration, phenology},
	issn = {0020-7128},
	doi = {10.1007/s00484-007-0094-7},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-007-0094-7},
	author = {Rubolini and Diego and Ambrosini and Roberto and Caffi and Mario and Brichetti and Pierandrea and Armiraglio and Stefano and Saino and Nicola}
}
@article {WadeMammaleating,
	title = {Mammal-eating killer whales and their preytrend data for pinnipeds and sea otters in the North Pacific Ocean do not support the sequential megafaunal collapse hypothesis},
	journal = {Marine Mammal Science},
	volume = {25},
	number = {3},
	year = {Submitted},
	pages = {737{\textendash}747},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing},
	keywords = {mammals, migration, pacific, whales},
	issn = {0824-0469},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1748-7692.2009.00282.x},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2009.00282.x},
	author = {Wade, P. R. and Ver Hoef, J. M. and DeMaster, D. P.}
}
@article {Bauer2009Animal,
	title = {Animal migration: linking models and data beyond taxonomic limits},
	journal = {Biology Letters},
	volume = {5},
	number = {4},
	year = {2009},
	month = {August},
	pages = {433{\textendash}435},
	abstract = {10.1098/rsbl.2009.0324 An international workshop on animal migration was held at the Lorentz Center in Leiden, The Netherlands, 2{\^a}6 March 2009, bringing together leading theoreticians and empiricists from the major migratory taxa, aiming at the identification of cutting-edge questions in migration research that cross taxonomic borders.},
	keywords = {migration, modelling},
	doi = {10.1098/rsbl.2009.0324},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0324},
	author = {Bauer, Silke and Barta, Zoltan and Ens, Bruno J. and Hays, Graeme C. and McNamara, John M. and Klaassen, Marcel}
}
@article {Sims2009LongTerm,
	title = {Long-Term GPS Tracking of Ocean Sunfish Mola mola Offers a New Direction in Fish Monitoring},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	volume = {4},
	number = {10},
	year = {2009},
	month = {October},
	pages = {e7351+},
	publisher = {Public Library of Science},
	abstract = {Satellite tracking of large pelagic fish provides insights on free-ranging behaviour, distributions and population structuring. Up to now, such fish have been tracked remotely using two principal methods: direct positioning of transmitters by Argos polar-orbiting satellites, and satellite relay of tag-derived light-level data for post hoc track reconstruction. Error fields associated with positions determined by these methods range from hundreds of metres to hundreds of kilometres. However, low spatial accuracy of tracks masks important details, such as foraging patterns. Here we use a fast-acquisition global positioning system (Fastloc GPS) tag with remote data retrieval to track long-term movements, in near real time and position accuracy of <70 m, of the world{\textquoteright}s largest bony fish, the ocean sunfish Mola mola . Search-like movements occurred over at least three distinct spatial scales. At fine scales, sunfish spent longer in highly localised areas with faster, straighter excursions between them. These {\textquoteright}stopovers{\textquoteright} during long-distance movement appear consistent with finding and exploiting food patches. This demonstrates the feasibility of GPS tagging to provide tracks of unparalleled accuracy for monitoring movements of large pelagic fish, and with nearly four times as many locations obtained by the GPS tag than by a conventional Argos transmitter. The results signal the potential of GPS-tagged pelagic fish that surface regularly to be detectors of resource {\textquoteright}hotspots{\textquoteright} in the blue ocean and provides a new capability for understanding large pelagic fish behaviour and habitat use that is relevant to ocean management and species conservation.},
	keywords = {fishes, marine, migration, orientation, tracking},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0007351},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007351},
	author = {Sims, David W. and Queiroz, Nuno and Humphries, Nicolas E. and Lima, Fernando P. and Hays, Graeme C.}
}
@article {Holland2009Interanimal,
	title = {Inter-animal telemetry: results from first deployment of acoustic {\textquoteright}business card{\textquoteright} tags},
	journal = {Endangered Species Research},
	volume = {NKNOWN},
	year = {2009},
	month = {October},
	pages = {1{\textendash}7},
	keywords = {fish, migration, migratory-species, new-technologies, sharks, transmitters},
	issn = {1863-5407},
	doi = {10.3354/esr00226},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr00226},
	author = {Holland, K. N. and Meyer, C. G. and Dagorn, L. C.}
}
@article {Bisson2009Evidence,
	title = {Evidence for Repeated Independent Evolution of Migration in the Largest Family of Bats},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	volume = {4},
	number = {10},
	year = {2009},
	month = {October},
	pages = {e7504+},
	publisher = {Public Library of Science},
	abstract = {How migration evolved represents one of the most poignant questions in evolutionary biology. While studies on the evolution of migration in birds are well represented in the literature, migration in bats has received relatively little attention. Yet, more than 30 species of bats are known to migrate annually from breeding to non-breeding locations. Our study is the first to test hypotheses on the evolutionary history of migration in bats using a phylogenetic framework.},
	keywords = {bats, chiroptera, migration, migratory-mammals},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0007504},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007504},
	author = {Bisson, Isabelle-Anne and Safi, Kamran and Holland, Richard A.}
}
@article {SalewskiSpring,
	title = {Spring passerine migrants stopping over in the Sahara are not fall-outs},
	journal = {Journal of Ornithology},
	year = {Submitted},
	abstract = {Abstract\&nbsp;\&nbsp;The strategy of migrants crossing the Sahara desert has been the subject of debate, but recent evidence from radar studies has confirmed that most passerines use an intermittent migration strategy. The latter has also been suggested from previous studies in oases during autumn migration. It was found that migrants with relatively high fuel loads rest in the desert during daytime and continue migration during the following night, whereas lean migrants stopover in oases for several days to refuel. However, data from the Sahara are scarce for spring migration. We captured passerine migrants near B{\^\i}r Amr{\^a}ne (22{\textdegree}47'N, 8{\textdegree}43'W) in the plain desert of Mauritania for 3\&nbsp;weeks during spring migration in 2004. We estimated flight ranges of 85 passerines stopping over in the desert to test whether they carried sufficient fuel loads to accomplish migration across the Sahara successfully. High fat loads of the majority of birds indicated that they were neither {\textquotedblright} fall-outs{\textquotedblright} nor too weak to accomplish migration successfully. The flight range estimates, based on mean flight speeds derived from radar measurements (59\&nbsp;km/h), revealed that 85\% of all birds were able to reach the northern fringe of the desert with an intermittent migration strategy. Furthermore, birds stopping over in an oasis (Ouad{\^a}ne, 370\&nbsp;km to the southwest of B{\^\i}r Amr{\^a}ne) did not carry consistently lower fuel loads compared to the migrants captured in the desert.},
	keywords = {autumn\_migration, birds, fuel\_loads, mauritania, migrants, migration, migration\_strategy, oases, passerines, radar\_measurements, sahara\_desert, southwest, trans-saharan},
	doi = {10.1007/s10336-009-0464-5},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10336-009-0464-5},
	author = {Salewski, Volker and Schmaljohann, Heiko and Liechti, Felix}
}
@article {Wood2009Cloudradar,
	title = {Cloud-radar observations of insects in the UK convective boundary layer},
	journal = {Meteorological Applications},
	volume = {16},
	number = {4},
	year = {2009},
	month = {December},
	pages = {491{\textendash}500},
	keywords = {insects, migration, newmethods, radar},
	issn = {13504827},
	doi = {10.1002/met.146},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/met.146},
	author = {Wood, Curtis R. and O{\textquoteright}Connor, Ewan J. and Hurley, Rebecca A. and Reynolds, Don R. and Illingworth, Anthony J.}
}
@article {Narazaki2009Sea,
	title = {Sea turtles compensate deflection of heading at the sea surface during directional travel},
	journal = {J Exp Biol},
	volume = {212},
	number = {24},
	year = {2009},
	month = {December},
	pages = {4019{\textendash}4026},
	abstract = {Air-breathing marine animals, including sea turtles, utilise two fundamentally different environments (i.e. sea surface and underwater) during migration. Many satellite telemetry studies have shown travel paths at relatively large spatio-temporal scales, discussing the orientation and navigation mechanisms that guide turtles. However, as travel paths obtained by satellite telemetry only reflect movements at the surface, little is known about movements and orientation ability underwater. In this study, to assess orientation ability both at the surface and underwater, fine-scale 3-D movements of free-ranging loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta were reconstructed by using multi-sensor data loggers. Video systems ( Crittercam{\textquoteright}) were also used to record the behaviour of the turtles and the visual information surrounding the turtles. During August and October in 2006 and 2007, eight turtles were released from Otsuchi Bay, Japan (39{degrees}20{\textquoteright}30N, 141{degrees}56{\textquoteright}00E), and a total of 118 h of 3-D movements were reconstructed. Turtles maintained highly straight-line courses (straightness index >0.95) during 41\% of the total duration (i.e. travelling periods{\textquoteright}). During travelling periods, turtles swam continuously, maintaining unidirectional heading throughout dives whereas turtles changed heading remarkably at the surface. Despite highly directional movements during dives, travel direction tended to shift by the end of dives lasting 10 minutes or more. Such deflections seemed to be compensated during subsequent surfacing periods because there was a negative relationship between changes in travel direction arising during dives and subsequent surfacing periods. Therefore, remarkable changes in heading at the surface could be interpreted as direction-searching behaviour. Our results suggested that turtles undertaking directional travel were more dependent on directional information that was reliable at the surface. 10.1242/jeb.034637},
	keywords = {migration, navigation, orientation, seaturtles},
	doi = {10.1242/jeb.034637},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.034637},
	author = {Narazaki, T. and Sato, K. and Abernathy, K. J. and Marshall, G. J. and Miyazaki, N.}
}
@article {WilzeckLearning,
	title = {Learning of magnetic compass directions in pigeons},
	journal = {Animal Cognition},
	year = {Submitted},
	abstract = {Abstract\&nbsp;\&nbsp;A proof of magnetic compass learning by pigeons under laboratory conditions has been attempted for decades, but all experiments have failed so far. The aim of the present study was to test whether pigeons can learn magnetic compass directions in an operant chamber if magnetic cues are presented as true spatial cues. Experimental sessions were carried out in the local geomagnetic field and in magnetic fields with matched total intensity and inclination, but different directions generated with Helmholtz-coils. Birds demonstrated successful learning with a performance level comparable to that in learning studies with magnetic anomalies. In addition, we compared the data from magnetic learning in the laboratory with performance from homing experiments in the field. The birds that were more successful in the learning experiment had vanishing bearings farther away from the home direction than the group mean at unfamiliar, but not at familiar sites. This might suggest that better learners explore unknown locations in a different way. Our findings represent the first evidence for operant magnetic compass learning in pigeons and also provide a link between behavioural data from the field and the laboratory.},
	keywords = {birds, migration, navigation, orientation, pigeons},
	doi = {10.1007/s10071-009-0294-0},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10071-009-0294-0},
	author = {Wilzeck, Christiane and Wiltschko, Wolfgang and G{\"u}nt{\"u}rk{\"u}n, Onur and Buschmann, Jens-Uwe and Wiltschko, Roswitha and Prior, Helmut}
}
@article {Hobson2009Method,
	title = {A Method for Investigating Population Declines of Migratory Birds Using Stable Isotopes: Origins of Harvested Lesser Scaup in North America},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	volume = {4},
	number = {11},
	year = {2009},
	month = {November},
	pages = {e7915+},
	publisher = {Public Library of Science},
	abstract = {Elucidating geographic locations from where migratory birds are recruited into adult breeding populations is a fundamental but largely elusive goal in conservation biology. This is especially true for species that breed in remote northern areas where field-based demographic assessments are logistically challenging.},
	keywords = {gis, migration, migratory-birds, migratory-species, monitoring},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0007915},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007915},
	author = {Hobson, Keith A. and Wunder, Michael B. and Van Wilgenburg, Steven L. and Clark, Robert G. and Wassenaar, Leonard I.}
}
@article {McCarty2009Behavior,
	title = {Behavior of Buff-Breasted Sandpipers (Tryngites subruficollis) during Migratory Stopover in Agricultural Fields},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	volume = {4},
	number = {11},
	year = {2009},
	month = {November},
	pages = {e8000+},
	publisher = {Public Library of Science},
	abstract = {Understanding the behavior of birds in agricultural habitats can be the first step in evaluating the conservation implications of birds{\textquoteright} use of landscapes shaped by modern agriculture. The existence and magnitude of risk from agricultural practices and the quality of resources agricultural lands provide will be determined largely by how birds use these habitats. Buff-breasted Sandpipers ( Tryngites subruficollis ) are a species of conservation concern. During spring migration large numbers of Buff-breasted Sandpipers stopover in row crop fields in the Rainwater Basin region of Nebraska. We used behavioral observations as a first step in evaluating how Buff-breasted Sandpipers use crop fields during migratory stopover.},
	keywords = {behaviour, conservation, migration, migratory-birds, migratory-species},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0008000},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008000},
	author = {McCarty, John P. and Jorgensen, Joel G. and Wolfenbarger, LaReesa L.}
}
@article {Jetz2008Environment,
	title = {Environment, Migratory Tendency, Phylogeny and Basal Metabolic Rate in Birds},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	volume = {3},
	number = {9},
	year = {2008},
	month = {September},
	pages = {e3261+},
	publisher = {Public Library of Science},
	abstract = {Basal metabolic rate (BMR) represents the minimum maintenance energy requirement of an endotherm and has far-reaching consequences for interactions between animals and their environments. Avian BMR exhibits considerable variation that is independent of body mass. Some long-distance migrants have been found to exhibit particularly high BMR, traditionally interpreted as being related to the energetic demands of long-distance migration. Here we use a global dataset to evaluate differences in BMR between migrants and non-migrants, and to examine the effects of environmental variables. The BMR of migrant species is significantly higher than that of non-migrants. Intriguingly, while the elevated BMR of migrants on their breeding grounds may reflect the metabolic machinery required for long-distance movements, an alternative (and statistically stronger) explanation is their occupation of predominantly cold high-latitude breeding areas. Among several environmental predictors, average annual temperature has the strongest effect on BMR, with a 50\% reduction associated with a 20{\^A}{\textdegree}C gradient. The negative effects of temperature variables on BMR hold separately for migrants and non-migrants and are not due their different climatic associations. BMR in migrants shows a much lower degree of phylogenetic inertia. Our findings indicate that migratory tendency need not necessarily be invoked to explain the higher BMR of migrants. A weaker phylogenetic signal observed in migrants supports the notion of strong phenotypic flexibility in this group which facilitates migration-related BMR adjustments that occur above and beyond environmental conditions. In contrast to the findings of previous analyses of mammalian BMR, primary productivity, aridity or precipitation variability do not appear to be important environmental correlates of avian BMR. The strong effects of temperature-related variables and varying phylogenetic effects reiterate the importance of addressing both broad-scale and individual-scale variation for understanding the determinants of BMR.},
	keywords = {ecology, migration, migratory-species},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0003261},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003261},
	author = {Jetz, Walter and Freckleton, Robert P. and McKechnie, Andrew E.}
}
@article {Martin2007Optimal,
	title = {Optimal Conservation of Migratory Species},
	journal = {PLoS ONE},
	volume = {2},
	number = {8},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {e751+},
	publisher = {Public Library of Science},
	abstract = {Migratory animals comprise a significant portion of biodiversity worldwide with annual investment for their conservation exceeding several billion dollars. Designing effective conservation plans presents enormous challenges. Migratory species are influenced by multiple events across land and sea{\^a}{\texteuro} {\textquotedblright} regions that are often separated by thousands of kilometres and span international borders. To date, conservation strategies for migratory species fail to take into account how migratory animals are spatially connected between different periods of the annual cycle (i.e. migratory connectivity) bringing into question the utility and efficiency of current conservation efforts.},
	keywords = {biodiversity, conservation, migration, migratory-species},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0000751},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000751},
	author = {Martin, Tara G. and Chad{\`e}s, Iadine and Arcese, Peter and Marra, Peter P. and Possingham, Hugh P. and Norris, D. Ryan}
}
@article {Holland2009Testing,
	title = {Testing the role of sensory systems in the migratory heading of a songbird},
	journal = {J Exp Biol},
	volume = {212},
	number = {24},
	year = {2009},
	month = {December},
	pages = {4065{\textendash}4071},
	abstract = {The identification of the sensory cues and mechanisms by which migratory birds are able to reach the same breeding and wintering grounds year after year has eluded biologists despite more than 50 years of intensive study. While a number of environmental cues have been proposed to play a role in the navigation of birds, arguments still persist about which cues are essential for the experience based navigation shown by adult migrants. To date, few studies have tested the sensory basis of navigational cues used during actual migration in the wild: mainly laboratory based studies or homing during the non-migratory season have been used to investigate this behaviour. Here we tested the role of olfactory and magnetic cues in the migration of the catbird (Dumetella carolinensis) by radio tracking the migration of birds with sensory manipulations during their actual migratory flights. Our data suggest that adult birds treated with zinc sulphate to produce anosmia were unable to show the same orientation as control adults, and instead reverted to a direction similar to that shown by juveniles making their first migration. The magnetic manipulation had no effect on the orientation of either adults or juveniles. These results allow us to propose that the olfactory sense may play a role in experience based migration in adult catbirds. While the olfactory sense has been shown to play a role in the homing of pigeons and other birds, this is the first time it has been implicated in migratory orientation. 10.1242/jeb.034504},
	keywords = {aves, birds, mechanims, migration, olfaction, orientation, zug},
	doi = {10.1242/jeb.034504},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.034504},
	author = {Holland, R. A. and Thorup, K. and Gagliardo, A. and Bisson, I. A. and Knecht, E. and Mizrahi, D. and Wikelski, M.}
}
@article {Kyriacou2009Clocks,
	title = {Clocks, cryptochromes and Monarch migrations},
	journal = {Journal of Biology},
	volume = {8},
	number = {6},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {55+},
	abstract = {The annual migration of the Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) from eastern North America to central Mexico is one of nature{\textquoteright}s most inspiring spectacles. Recent studies including one in BMC Biology, have begun to dissect the molecular and neurogenetic basis for this most complex behavior.},
	keywords = {clocks, insects, magnetic\_orientation, migration, migrations, monarch\_butterfly, north\_america, orientation},
	issn = {1475-4924},
	doi = {10.1186/jbiol153},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/jbiol153},
	author = {Kyriacou, Charalambos}
}
@article {Egevang2010Tracking,
	title = {Tracking of Arctic terns Sterna paradisaea reveals longest animal migration},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
	year = {2010},
	month = {January},
	abstract = {10.1073/pnas.0909493107 The study of long-distance migration provides insights into the habits and performance of organisms at the limit of their physical abilities. The Arctic tern is the epitome of such behavior; despite its small size (<125 g), banding recoveries and at-sea surveys suggest that its annual migration from boreal and high Arctic breeding grounds to the Southern Ocean may be the longest seasonal movement of any animal. Our tracking of 11 Arctic terns fitted with miniature (1.4-g) geolocators revealed that these birds do indeed travel huge distances (more than 80,000 km annually for some individuals). As well as confirming the location of the main wintering region, we also identified a previously unknown oceanic stopover area in the North Atlantic used by birds from at least two breeding populations (from Greenland and Iceland). Although birds from the same colony took one of two alternative southbound migration routes following the African or South American coast, all returned on a broadly similar, sigmoidal trajectory, crossing from east to west in the Atlantic in the region of the equatorial Intertropical Convergence Zone. Arctic terns clearly target regions of high marine productivity both as stopover and wintering areas, and exploit prevailing global wind systems to reduce flight costs on long-distance commutes.},
	keywords = {migration, migratory-birds, satellite-telemetry, seabirds, tracking},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.0909493107},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0909493107},
	author = {Egevang, Carsten and Stenhouse, Iain J. and Phillips, Richard A. and Petersen, Aevar and Fox, James W. and Silk, Janet R. D.}
}
@article {Miller2010In,
	title = {In Central California, Coho Salmon Are on the Brink},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {327},
	number = {5965},
	year = {2010},
	month = {January},
	pages = {512{\textendash}513},
	abstract = {10.1126/science.327.5965.512},
	keywords = {america, california, extinction, fishes, migration, migratory-fishes, salmon, threat},
	doi = {10.1126/science.327.5965.512},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.327.5965.512},
	author = {Miller, Greg}
}
@article {GarciaVasquez2009Lifehistory,
	title = {Life-history characteristics of the large Amazonian migratory catfishBrachyplatystoma rousseauxiiin the Iquitos region, Peru},
	journal = {Journal of Fish Biology},
	volume = {75},
	number = {10},
	year = {2009},
	month = {December},
	pages = {2527{\textendash}2551},
	keywords = {amazonia, conservation, migration, migratory-fishes, protein},
	issn = {00221112},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02444.x},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02444.x},
	author = {Garc\'{\i}a V{\'a}squez, A. and Alonso, J. C. and Carvajal, F. and Moreau, J. and Nu{\~n}ez, J. and Renno, J. F. and Tello, S. and Montreuil, V. and Duponchelle, F.}
}
@article {Broekhuizen2003Simulating,
	title = {Simulating the distribution of southern Buller{\textquoteright}s albatross using an individual-based population model},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Ecology},
	volume = {40},
	number = {4},
	year = {2003},
	month = {August},
	pages = {678{\textendash}691},
	keywords = {albatross, birds, gis, migration, seabirds, simulation, tracking},
	issn = {0021-8901},
	doi = {10.1046/j.1365-2664.2003.00834.x},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2664.2003.00834.x},
	author = {Broekhuizen, N. and Stahl, J. C. and Sagar, P. M.}
}
@article {Burtenshaw2004Acoustic,
	title = {Acoustic and satellite remote sensing of blue whale seasonality and habitat in the Northeast Pacific},
	journal = {Views of Ocean Processes from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) Mission: Volume 2},
	volume = {51},
	number = {10-11},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {967{\textendash}986},
	abstract = {Northeast Pacific blue whales seasonally migrate, ranging from the waters off Central America to the Gulf of Alaska. Using acoustic and satellite remote sensing, we have continuously monitored the acoustic activity and habitat of blue whales during 1994-2000. Calling blue whales primarily aggregate off the coast of southern and central California in the late summer, coinciding with the timing of the peak euphausiid biomass, their preferred prey. The northward bloom of primary production along the coast and subsequent northbound movements of the blue whales are apparent in the satellite and acoustic records, respectively, with the calling blue whales moving north along the Oregon and Washington coasts to a secondary foraging area with high primary productivity off Vancouver Island in the late fall. El Nio conditions, indicated by elevated sea-surface temperature and depressed regional chlorophyll-a concentrations, are apparent in the satellite records, particularly in the Southern California Bight during 1997/1998. These conditions disrupt biological production and alter the presence of calling blue whales in primary feeding locations. Remote sensing using acoustics is well suited to characterizing the seasonal movements and relative abundance of the northeast Pacific blue whales, and remote sensing using satellites allows for monitoring their habitat. These technologies are invaluable because of their ability to provide continuous large-scale spatial and temporal coverage of the blue whale migration.},
	keywords = {acoustic-monitoring, migration, monitoring, rs, whales},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.06.020},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.06.020},
	author = {Burtenshaw, Jessica C. and Oleson, Erin M. and Hildebrand, John A. and Mcdonald, Mark A. and Andrew, Rex K. and Howe, Bruce M. and Mercer, James A.}
}
@article {Leyequien2007Capturing,
	title = {Capturing the fugitive: Applying remote sensing to terrestrial animal distribution and diversity},
	journal = {International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation},
	volume = {9},
	number = {1},
	year = {2007},
	month = {February},
	pages = {1{\textendash}20},
	abstract = {Amongst many ongoing initiatives to preserve biodiversity, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment again shows the importance to slow down the loss of biological diversity. However, there is still a gap in the overview of global patterns of species distributions. This paper reviews how remote sensing has been used to assess terrestrial faunal diversity, with emphasis on proxies and methodologies, while exploring prospective challenges for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity. We grouped and discussed papers dealing with the faunal taxa mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and invertebrates into five classes of surrogates of animal diversity: (1) habitat suitability, (2) photosynthetic productivity, (3) multi-temporal patterns, (4) structural properties of habitat, and (5) forage quality. It is concluded that the most promising approach for the assessment, monitoring, prediction, and conservation of faunal diversity appears to be the synergy of remote sensing products and auxiliary data with ecological biodiversity models, and a subsequent validation of the results using traditional observation techniques.},
	keywords = {amibio, biodiversity, biogeography, mapping, migration, rs},
	issn = {03032434},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jag.2006.08.002},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2006.08.002},
	author = {Leyequien, Euridice and Verrelst, Jochem and Slot, Martijn and Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela and Heitk{\"o}nig, Ignas M. A. and Skidmore, Andrew}
}
@article {LaSorte2010Avian,
	title = {Avian distributions under climate change: towards improved projections},
	journal = {J Exp Biol},
	volume = {213},
	number = {6},
	year = {2010},
	month = {March},
	pages = {862{\textendash}869},
	abstract = {Birds are responding to recent climate change in a variety of ways including shifting their geographic ranges to cooler climates. There is evidence that northern-temperate birds have shifted their breeding and non-breeding ranges to higher latitudes, and tropical birds have shifted their breeding ranges to higher altitudes. There is further evidence these shifts have affected migration strategies and the composition and structure of communities. Projections based on correlative distributional models suggest many birds will experience substantial pressures under climate change, resulting in range contraction and shifts. Inherent limitations of correlative models, however, make it difficult to develop reliable projections and detailed inference. Incorporating a mechanistic perspective into species distribution models enriches the quality of model inferences but also severely narrows the taxonomic and geographic relevance. Mechanistic distributional models have seen increased applications, but so far primarily in ectotherms. We argue that further development of similar models in birds would complement existing empirical knowledge and theoretical projections. The considerable data already available on birds offer an exciting basis. In particular, information compiled on flight performance and thermal associations across life history stages could be linked to distributional limits and dispersal abilities, which could be used to develop more robust and detailed projections. Yet, only a broadening of taxonomic scale, specifically to appropriately represented tropical diversity, will allow for truly general inference and require the continued use of correlative approaches that may take on increasingly mechanistic components. The trade-off between detail and scale is likely to characterize the future of global change biodiversity research, and birds may be an excellent group to improve, integrate and geographically extend current approaches. 10.1242/jeb.038356},
	keywords = {birds, climate-change, migration, migratory-birds},
	doi = {10.1242/jeb.038356},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.038356},
	author = {La Sorte, F. A. and Jetz, W.}
}
@article {Barron2010Metaanalysis,
	title = {Meta-analysis of transmitter effects on avian behaviour and ecology},
	journal = {Methods in Ecology and Evolution},
	volume = {1},
	number = {2},
	year = {2010},
	month = {February},
	pages = {180{\textendash}187},
	address = {Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Illinois, 606 E. Healey Street, Champaign, IL 61821, USA},
	abstract = {1. Researchers often attach transmitters and other devices to free-living birds without a clear understanding of potential deleterious consequences to their study organisms, and thus to their data. Studies investigating this topic have generally been limited to a single species or type of device. 2. To achieve a broader understanding we used a meta-analysis of 84 studies to ask: (1) Do devices have an overall effect on birds? (2) Which aspects of avian behaviour and ecology are affected? (3) What attributes of birds influence transmitter effects? (4) What attributes of devices influence their effects? (5) Are effects partially a consequence of capture and restraint? 3. We found a significant negative effect of devices on birds, both overall and for 8 of the 12 specific aspects analysed. The most substantial effects were that birds with devices had markedly increased energy expenditure and were much less likely to nest. 4. Effects were independent of attributes of the birds (sex, age, primary method of locomotion and body mass). We also found no evidence that proportionally heavier devices had greater effects, although researchers generally avoided using heavy devices. Breast-mounted and harness attachments increased device-induced behaviours such as preening, however, and the risk of device-induced mortality differed between attachment methods. 5. Other than foraging behaviours, no effects were a consequence of capture or restraint. 6.Synthesis and applications. We provide the first comprehensive evidence that transmitters and other devices negatively affect birds and may bias resulting data. Researchers should balance the benefits of using these techniques against potential costs to the birds and reliability of the data obtained.},
	keywords = {birds, conservation, methods, migration, sensors, transmitters},
	issn = {2041210X},
	doi = {10.1111/j.2041-210X.2010.00013.x},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-210X.2010.00013.x},
	author = {Barron, Douglas G. and Brawn, Jeffrey D. and Weatherhead, Patrick J.}
}
@article {Hedenstrom2010Extreme,
	title = {Extreme Endurance Migration: What Is the Limit to Non-Stop Flight?},
	journal = {PLoS Biol},
	volume = {8},
	number = {5},
	year = {2010},
	month = {May},
	pages = {e1000362+},
	publisher = {Public Library of Science},
	keywords = {birds, longdistance, migration},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.1000362},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1000362},
	author = {Hedenstr{\"o}m, Anders}
}
@article {Tomkiewicz2010Global,
	title = {Global positioning system and associated technologies in animal behaviour and ecological research},
	journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences},
	volume = {365},
	number = {1550},
	year = {2010},
	month = {July},
	pages = {2163{\textendash}2176},
	abstract = {10.1098/rstb.2010.0090 Biologists can equip animals with global positioning system (GPS) technology to obtain accurate (less than or equal to 30 m) locations that can be combined with sensor data to study animal behaviour and ecology. We provide the background of GPS techniques that have been used to gather data for wildlife studies. We review how GPS has been integrated into functional systems with data storage, data transfer, power supplies, packaging and sensor technologies to collect temperature, activity, proximity and mortality data from terrestrial species and birds. GPS {\textquoteright}rapid fixing{\textquoteright} technologies combined with sensors provide location, dive frequency and duration profiles, and underwater acoustic information for the study of marine species. We examine how these rapid fixing technologies may be applied to terrestrial and avian applications. We discuss positional data quality and the capability for high-frequency sampling associated with GPS locations. We present alternatives for storing and retrieving data by using dataloggers (biologging), radio-frequency download systems (e.g. very high frequency, spread spectrum), integration of GPS with other satellite systems (e.g. Argos, Globalstar) and potential new data recovery technologies (e.g. network nodes). GPS is one component among many rapidly evolving technologies. Therefore, we recommend that users and suppliers interact to ensure the availability of appropriate equipment to meet animal research objectives.},
	keywords = {gps, migration, review, techniques, telemetry},
	doi = {10.1098/rstb.2010.0090},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0090},
	author = {Tomkiewicz, Stanley M. and Fuller, Mark R. and Kie, John G. and Bates, Kirk K.}
}
