TY - JOUR T1 - Reliability of a Higher-Taxon Approach to Richness, Rarity, and Composition Assessments at the Local Scale JF - Conservation Biology Y1 - 2007 DO - 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00823.x A1 - Mandelik, Y. A. E. L. A1 - Dayan, Tamar A1 - Chikatunov, Vladimir A1 - Kravchenko, Vasiliy SP - 1506–1515 KW - assessment KW - conservation KW - monitoring AB - A promising shortcut for quantifying species patterns is to use genera and families as surrogates of species. At large spatial scales, concurrence between patterns of richness, rarity, and composition of species and higher taxa is generally high. Only a few researchers, however, have examined this relationship at the local scale, which is frequently the relevant scale in land-use conflicts. We investigated the reliability of the higher-taxon approach in assessing patterns of species richness, rarity, and composition at the local scale. We studied diversity patterns of three commonly used surrogate taxa: vascular plants, ground-dwelling beetles, and moths. We conducted year-round field surveys for these taxa in the Jerusalem Mountains and the Judean foothills, Israel. Richness and composition of species were highly correlated with richness and composition of genera for all taxa. At the family level, correlations with richness and composition of species were much lower. Excluding monotypic genera and families did not affect these relations. Rarity representation based on higher taxa varied considerably depending on the taxon, and rarity scale and was weaker compared with richness and composition representation. Cumulative richness curves of species and genera showed similar patterns, leveling off at equivalent sampling efforts. Genus-level assessments were a reliable surrogate for local patterns of species richness, rarity, and composition, but family-level assessments performed poorly. The advantage of using coarse taxonomic scales in local diversity surveys is that it may decrease identification time and the need for experts, but it will not reduce sampling effort. PB - Blackwell Publishing VL - 21 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00823.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Litter and soil arthropods diversity and density in a tropical dry forest ecosystem in Western Mexico JF - Biodiversity and Conservation Y1 - 2007 DO - 10.1007/s10531-006-9109-7 A1 - Palacios-Vargas, J. G. A1 - Castaño-Meneses, G. A1 - Gómez-Anaya, J. A. A1 - Mart\'ınez-Yrizar, A. A1 - Mej\'ıa-Recamier, B. E. A1 - Mart\'ınez-Sánchez, J. SP - 3703–3717 KW - arthropods KW - dry KW - forest KW - litter KW - monitoring KW - sampling AB - Abstract  The composition and temporal changes of edaphic microarthropods in both litter layer and soil were analyzed in a tropical dry forest ecosystem in Western Mexico. Sampling was carried out from June 1991 to July 1992 in two small watersheds at the Chamela Biological Station (Jalisco State, Mexico). At each watershed 10 random cores samples, 11 cm in diameter and 5 cm depth, were taken monthly from each biotope from an area of 100 m2. Fauna was extracted by Berlese-Tullgren funnels and preserved in 75% ethanol. The total abundance of arthropods was 96,338 specimens, belonging to 33 taxa. Numerically dominant groups were Prostigmata, Cryptostigmata, Collembola and Mesostigmata, which constituted 92.6% of the total abundance. The effect of current monthly precipitation and temperature on density of total Arthropoda and different Orders was also investigated. Precipitation and temperature were significantly correlated with Collembola and Mesostigmata densities and also with total arthropod. The seasonal variation in the amount of litterfall was also significantly related to the abundance of arthropod in the litter layer biotope. VL - 16 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-006-9109-7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodiversity Conservation and the Millennium Development Goals JF - Science Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.1126/science.1175035 A1 - Sachs, Jeffrey D. A1 - Baillie, Jonathan E. M. A1 - Sutherland, William J. A1 - Armsworth, Paul R. A1 - Ash, Neville A1 - Beddington, John A1 - Blackburn, Tim M. A1 - Collen, Ben A1 - Gardiner, Barry A1 - Gaston, Kevin J. A1 - Godfray A1 - Green, Rhys E. A1 - Harvey, Paul H. A1 - House, Brett A1 - Knapp, Sandra A1 - Kumpel, Noelle F. A1 - Macdonald, David W. A1 - Mace, Georgina M. A1 - Mallet, James A1 - Matthews, Adam A1 - May, Robert M. A1 - Petchey, Owen A1 - Purvis, Andy A1 - Roe, Dilys A1 - Safi, Kamran A1 - Turner, Kerry A1 - Walpole, Matt A1 - Watson, Robert A1 - Jones, Kate E. SP - 1502–1503 KW - biodiversity KW - course KW - inventory KW - monitoring KW - science-policy AB - 10.1126/science.1175035 VL - 325 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1175035 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodiversity Policy Challenges JF - Science Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.1126/science.1180935 A1 - Mooney, Harold A1 - Mace, Georgina SP - 1474+ KW - 2010 KW - biodiversity KW - course KW - monitoring AB - 10.1126/science.1180935 VL - 325 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1180935 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of manual and automated methods for identifying target sounds in audio recordings of Pileated, Pale-billed, and putative Ivory-billed woodpeckers JF - Journal of Field Ornithology Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00204.x A1 - Swiston, Kyle A. A1 - Mennill, Daniel J. SP - 42–50 KW - asr KW - bioacoustics KW - biodiversity KW - birds KW - monitoring PB - Blackwell Publishing VL - 80 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00204.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detecting bird sounds in a complex acoustic environment and application to bioacoustic monitoring JF - Pattern Recognition Letters Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.1016/j.patrec.2009.09.014 A1 - Bardeli, R. A1 - Wolff, D. A1 - Kurth, F. A1 - Koch, M. A1 - Tauchert, K. H. A1 - Frommolt, K. H. KW - asr KW - bioacoustics KW - birds KW - monitoring KW - neuroinofrmatics AB - Trends in bird population sizes are an important indicator in nature conservation but measuring such sizes is a very difficult, labour intensive process. Enormous progress in audio signal processing and pattern recognition in recent years makes it possible to incorporate automated methods into the detection of bird vocalisations. These methods can be employed to support the census of population sizes. We report about a study testing the feasibility of bird monitoring supported by automatic bird song detection. In particular, we describe novel algorithms for the detection of the vocalisations of two endangered bird species and show how these can be used in automatic habitat mapping. These methods are based on detecting temporal patterns in a given frequency band typical for the species. Special effort is put into the suppression of the noise present in real-world audio scenes. Our results show that even in real-world recording conditions high recognition rates with a tolerable rate of false positive detections are possible. UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2009.09.014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using Insect Sounds to Estimate and Monitor Their Populations JF - The Florida Entomologist Y1 - 1988 DO - 10.2307/3495001 A1 - Forrest, T. G. SP - 416–426 KW - bioacoustics KW - biodiversity KW - insects KW - monitoring PB - Florida Entomological Society VL - 71 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3495001 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Method for Investigating Population Declines of Migratory Birds Using Stable Isotopes: Origins of Harvested Lesser Scaup in North America JF - PLoS ONE Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0007915 A1 - Hobson, Keith A. A1 - Wunder, Michael B. A1 - Van Wilgenburg, Steven L. A1 - Clark, Robert G. A1 - Wassenaar, Leonard I. SP - e7915+ KW - gis KW - migration KW - migratory-birds KW - migratory-species KW - monitoring AB - Elucidating geographic locations from where migratory birds are recruited into adult breeding populations is a fundamental but largely elusive goal in conservation biology. This is especially true for species that breed in remote northern areas where field-based demographic assessments are logistically challenging. PB - Public Library of Science VL - 4 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0007915 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the biodiversity value of tropical primary, secondary, and plantation forests JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Y1 - 2007 DO - 10.1073/pnas.0703333104 A1 - Barlow, J. A1 - Gardner, T. A. A1 - Araujo, I. S. A1 - Ávila-Pires, T. C. A1 - Bonaldo, A. B. A1 - Costa, J. E. A1 - Esposito, M. C. A1 - Ferreira, L. V. A1 - Hawes, J. A1 - Hernandez, M. I. M. A1 - Hoogmoed, M. S. A1 - Leite, R. N. A1 - Lo-Man-Hung, N. F. A1 - Malcolm, J. R. A1 - Martins, M. B. A1 - Mestre, L. A. M. A1 - Miranda-Santos, R. A1 - Nunes-Gutjahr, A. L. A1 - Overal, W. L. A1 - Parry, L. A1 - Peters, S. L. A1 - Ribeiro-Junior, M. A. A1 - da Silva, M. N. F. A1 - da Silva Motta, C. A1 - Peres, C. A. SP - 18555–18560 KW - biodiversity KW - course KW - monitoring KW - rainforest KW - tropi KW - tropical-ecology KW - tropics AB - 10.1073/pnas.0703333104 Biodiversity loss from deforestation may be partly offset by the expansion of secondary forests and plantation forestry in the tropics. However, our current knowledge of the value of these habitats for biodiversity conservation is limited to very few taxa, and many studies are severely confounded by methodological shortcomings. We examined the conservation value of tropical primary, secondary, and plantation forests for 15 taxonomic groups using a robust and replicated sample design that minimized edge effects. Different taxa varied markedly in their response to patterns of land use in terms of species richness and the percentage of species restricted to primary forest (varying from 5% to 57%), yet almost all between-forest comparisons showed marked differences in community structure and composition. Cross-taxon congruence in response patterns was very weak when evaluated using abundance or species richness data, but much stronger when using metrics based upon community similarity. Our results show that, whereas the biodiversity indicator group concept may hold some validity for several taxa that are frequently sampled (such as birds and fruit-feeding butterflies), it fails for those exhibiting highly idiosyncratic responses to tropical land-use change (including highly vagile species groups such as bats and orchid bees), highlighting the problems associated with quantifying the biodiversity value of anthropogenic habitats. Finally, although we show that areas of native regeneration and exotic tree plantations can provide complementary conservation services, we also provide clear empirical evidence demonstrating the irreplaceable value of primary forests. VL - 104 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0703333104 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Guidelines for the instrumentation of wild birds and mammals JF - Animal Behaviour Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.09.023 A1 - Casper, Ruth M. SP - 1477–1483 KW - conservation KW - instrumentation KW - monitoring KW - newmethods KW - tagging VL - 78 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.09.023 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Blue and fin whale acoustic presence around Antarctica during 2003 and 2004 JF - Marine Mammal Science Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2008.00239.x SP - 125–136 KW - bioacoustics KW - marine-mammals KW - monitoring KW - whales PB - Blackwell Publishing VL - 25 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2008.00239.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acoustic censusing using automatic vocalization classification and identity recognition JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Y1 - 2010 DO - 10.1121/1.3273887 A1 - Adi, Kuntoro A1 - Johnson, Michael T. A1 - Osiejuk, Tomasz S. SP - 874+ KW - asr KW - bioacoustics KW - birds KW - monitoring VL - 127 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3273887 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using soundscape recordings to estimate bird species abundance, richness, and composition JF - Journal of Field Ornithology Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00206.x A1 - Celis-Murillo, Antonio A1 - Deppe, Jill L. A1 - Allen, Michael F. SP - 64–78 KW - asr KW - bioaocustics KW - monitoring KW - soundscape PB - Blackwell Publishing VL - 80 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00206.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A COMPARISON OF POINT COUNTS AND SOUND RECORDING AS BIRD SURVEY METHODS IN AMAZONIAN SOUTHEAST PERU JF - The Condor Y1 - 2000 DO - 10.1650/0010-5422(2000)102%5B0887:ACOPCA%5D2.0.CO;2 A1 - Haselmayer, John A1 - Quinn, James S. SP - 887+ KW - america KW - bioacoustics KW - birds KW - monitoring KW - ornithology KW - south VL - 102 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1650/0010-5422(2000)102%5B0887:ACOPCA%5D2.0.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Humans versus autonomous recording units: a comparison of point-count results JF - Journal of Field Ornithology Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00245.x A1 - Hutto, Richard L. A1 - Stutzman, Ryan J. SP - 387–398 KW - amibio KW - arus KW - birds KW - censussing KW - monitoring PB - Blackwell Publishing VL - 80 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1557-9263.2009.00245.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Novel Acoustic Technology for Studying Free-Ranging Shark Social Behaviour by Recording Individuals' Interactions JF - PLoS ONE Y1 - 2010 DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0009324 A1 - Guttridge, Tristan L. A1 - Gruber, Samuel H. A1 - Krause, Jens A1 - Sims, David W. SP - e9324+ KW - bioacoustics KW - monitoring KW - peer-to-peer AB - Group behaviours are widespread among fish but comparatively little is known about the interactions between free-ranging individuals and how these might change across different spatio-temporal scales. This is largely due to the difficulty of observing wild fish groups directly underwater over long enough time periods to quantify group structure and individual associations. Here we describe the use of a novel technology, an animal-borne acoustic proximity receiver that records close-spatial associations between free-ranging fish by detection of acoustic signals emitted from transmitters on other individuals. Validation trials, held within enclosures in the natural environment, on juvenile lemon sharks Negaprion brevirostris fitted with external receivers and transmitters, showed receivers logged interactions between individuals regularly when sharks were within 4 m (\~{}4 body lengths) of each other, but rarely when at 10 m distance. A field trial lasting 17 days with 5 juvenile lemon sharks implanted with proximity receivers showed one receiver successfully recorded association data, demonstrating this shark associated with 9 other juvenile lemon sharks on 128 occasions. This study describes the use of acoustic underwater proximity receivers to quantify interactions among wild sharks, setting the scene for new advances in understanding the social behaviours of marine animals. PB - Public Library of Science VL - 5 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0009324 ER - TY - Generic T1 - Extracting tactical information from acoustic signals T2 - Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing Conference, 2004. Proceedings of the 2004 Y1 - 2004 DO - 10.1109/ISSNIP.2004.1417453 A1 - Ferguson, B. G. A1 - Lo, K. W. SP - 149–153 KW - acoustics KW - asr KW - monitoring KW - sensors AB - Smart acoustic sensor systems can be deployed for the automatic detection, localization, classification and tracking of military activities, which are inherently noisy. Acoustic sensors are appealing because they are passive, affordable, robust. and compact. Also, the propagation of sound energy is not limited by obstacles, which block or obscure the clear line of sight that is required for the effective operation of electromagnetic systems. Methods, with examples, for extracting tactical information from acoustic signals emitted by moving sources (air and ground vehicles) are provided for both single sensor and multiple sensor configurations. The methods are based on processing either the narrowband or broadband spectral components of the source's acoustic signature. For example, the tactical information extracted by narrowband processing of single sensor data for a moving source is the source speed, slant range and time at the closest point of approach, as well as the source (or rest) frequency of the narrowband signal. For an array of sensors, the tactical information consists of estimates of a complete set of target motion parameters, which indicate the speed and trajectory of the source. Weapon firings generate acoustic impulses and supersonic projectiles generate acoustic shocks, which can be localized and classified using spatially distributed acoustic sensors. The methods developed for land-based acoustic surveillance using microphone data are also applied to hydrophone data for passive acoustic surveillance of the underwater environment. JF - Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing Conference, 2004. Proceedings of the 2004 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ISSNIP.2004.1417453 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Maritime acoustic detection of aircraft to increase flight safety and homeland security: an experimental study T2 - Sensors, and Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence (C3I) Technologies for Homeland Security and Homeland Defense VII Y1 - 2008 A1 - Solomon, Latasha A1 - Sim, Leng A1 - Tenney, Stephen ED - Carapezza, Edward M. SP - 69430Z+ KW - acoustics KW - amibio KW - asr KW - monitoring AB - For several years ARL has studied acoustics to track vehicles, helicopters, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and others targets of interest. More recently these same acoustic sensors were placed on a simulated buoy in an attempt to detect and track aircraft over a large body of water. This report will investigate the advantages of using acoustic arrays to track air and water craft from a fixed floating platform as well as potential concerns associated with this technology. Continuous monitoring of aircraft overflight will increase situational awareness while persistent monitoring of commercial and military flight paths increases overall homeland security. JF - Sensors, and Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence (C3I) Technologies for Homeland Security and Homeland Defense VII PB - SPIE VL - 6943 UR - http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=PSISDG00694300000169430Z000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficiency of Malaise traps and colored pan traps for collecting flower visiting insects from three forested ecosystems JF - Journal of Insect Conservation Y1 - Submitted DO - 10.1007/s10841-006-9055-4 A1 - Campbell, Joshua W. A1 - Hanula, J. L. SP - 399–408 KW - attraction KW - biodiversity KW - insects KW - light KW - methods KW - monitoring KW - pan KW - sampling VL - 11 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10841-006-9055-4 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term monitoring of moth populations (Lepidoptera) associated with a natural wetland forest: synthesis after 25 years JF - Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.1163/187498308X414751 A1 - Spitzer, Karel A1 - Jaros, Josef SP - 155–163 KW - biodiversity KW - light-traps KW - longterm KW - monitoring AB - Temporal variability of moth abundance was monitored for 28 years (1981-2008) by nightly light trap samples during the growing season in native habitat in the &\#268;erni&\#353; alder carr (open forested wetland) in South Bohemia, Czech Republic. The results of this long-term inventory are summarized and discussed. The wetland moth community was analysed for species richness and population dynamics (temporal variability of abundance were measured by a coefficient of variation - CV) and evaluated against select ecological parameters. Moth population variability (year to year fluctuation), which is highly species-specific, is a result of complex interactions between bionomic strategies (correlates of &\#8220;r-K continuum&\#8221;) and habitat characteristics. High bioindicator and conservation values are characteristic of moths with low values of coefficient of variation associated with vegetation units close to edaphic &\#8220;climax&\#8221; in the alder carr wetland. The local and regional dynamics of all moth populations associated with the natural wetland (alder carr) were investigated, and the data obtained are critical for predicting patterns of biodiversity. PB - BRILL UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187498308X414751 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Principles and Influence in Codes of Ethics: A Centering Resonance Analysis Comparing Pre- and Post-Sarbanes-Oxley Codes of Ethics JF - Journal of Business Ethics Y1 - 2008 DO - 10.1007/s10531-008-9417-1 A1 - Canary, Heather E. A1 - Jennings, Marianne M. SP - 263–278 KW - biodiversity KW - data-integration KW - monitoring KW - review AB - Abstract  Halting the loss of biodiversity comes along with the need to quantify biodiversity composition and dynamics at large spatial and temporal scales. Highly standardized, international monitoring networks would be ideal, but they do not exist yet. If we are to assess changes in biodiversity now, combining output available from ongoing monitoring initiatives is the only option. However, integration of biodiversity information across schemes is still very poorly developed. In this paper, we outline practical issues to be considered when planning to combine existing monitoring information. First, we provide an overview of avenues for integration along the four dimensions that characterize a monitoring design: sample size, biological coverage, spatial coverage and temporal coverage. We also emphasize that complementarity in monitoring targets across schemes enables to describe complex processes of biodiversity dynamics, e.g. through relating species traits to the impacts of environmental changes. Second, we review some methods to overcome differences in designs among monitoring schemes, such as site selection, post-stratification and measurement error. Finally, we point out some commonly used statistical methods that are at hand for combining data or parameter estimates. We especially emphasize the possible levels of data integration (raw data, parameter estimates, or effect size estimates), and the largely under-exploited potential of meta-analysis methods and weighted analyses. This contribution aims to bolster the practice and use of integration of ongoing monitoring initiatives for biodiversity assessment. VL - 80 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-008-9417-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advantages of Volunteer-Based Biodiversity Monitoring in Europe JF - Conservation Biology Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01125.x A1 - Schmeller, Dirk S. A1 - Pierre-Yves Henr, Y. A1 - Romain Julliar, D. A1 - Bernd Grube, R. A1 - Jean Clober, T. A1 - Frank Dzioc, K. A1 - Szabolcs Lengye, L. A1 - Piotr Nowick, I. A1 - Eszter Dér, I. A1 - Eduardas Budry, S. A1 - Tiiu Kul, L. A1 - Kadri Tal, I. A1 - Bianca Bauc, H. A1 - Josef Settel, E. A1 - Chris van Swaa, Y. A1 - Andrej Koble, R. A1 - Valerija Babi, J. A1 - Eva Papastergiado, U. A1 - Klaus Henl, E. SP - 307–316 KW - biodiversity KW - citizen-based KW - monitoring KW - volunteers KW - web20 AB - Without robust and unbiased systems for monitoring, changes in natural systems will remain enigmatic for policy makers, leaving them without a clear idea of the consequences of any environmental policies they might adopt. Generally, biodiversity-monitoring activities are not integrated or evaluated across any large geographic region. The EuMon project conducted the first large-scale evaluation of monitoring practices in Europe through an on-line questionnaire and is reporting on the results of this survey. In September 2007 the EuMon project had documented 395 monitoring schemes for species, which represents a total annual cost of about 20AC4 million, involving more than 46,000 persons devoting over 148,000 person-days/year to biodiversity-monitoring activities. Here we focused on the analysis of variations of monitoring practices across a set of taxonomic groups (birds, amphibians and reptiles, mammals, butterflies, plants, and other insects) and across 5 European countries (France, Germany, Hungary, Lithuania, and Poland). Our results suggest that the overall sampling effort of a scheme is linked with the proportion of volunteers involved in that scheme. Because precision is a function of the number of monitored sites and the number of sites is maximized by volunteer involvement, our results do not support the common belief that volunteer-based schemes are too noisy to be informative. Just the opposite, we believe volunteer-based schemes provide relatively reliable data, with state-of-the-art survey designs or data-analysis methods, and consequently can yield unbiased results. Quality of data collected by volunteers is more likely determined by survey design, analytical methodology, and communication skills within the schemes rather than by volunteer involvement per se. Sin sistemas de monitoreo robustos y objetivos, los cambios en los sistemas naturales seguirán siendo un enigma para los pol\'ıticos, ya que no tendrán una idea clara de las consecuencias de las pol\'ıticas ambientales que puedan adoptar. Generalmente, las actividades de monitoreo de la biodiversidad no están integradas o evaluadas en ninguna región geográfica extensa. El proyecto EuMon llevó a cabo la primera evaluación a gran escala de las prácticas de monitoreo en Europa por medio de un cuestionario en l\'ınea y presenta los resultados de este muestreo. En septiembre 2007, el proyecto EuMon hab\'ıa documentado 395 esquemas de monitoreo de especies, lo que representa un costo anual total de casi 20AC4 millones, y la participación de más de 46,000 personas que dedican más de 148,000 personas d\'ıas/año en actividades de monitoreo de la biodiversidad. Aqu\'ı, nos centramos en el análisis de variaciones en las prácticas de monitoreo de un conjunto de grupos taxonómicos (aves, anfibios y reptiles, mam\'ıferos, mariposas, plantas y otros insectos) en cinco pa\'ıses europeos (Francia, Alemania, Hungr\'ıa, Lituania y Polonia). Nuestros resultados sugieren que el esfuerzo de muestreo total de un esquema está vinculado con la proporción de voluntarios que participan en el ese esquema. Debido a que la precisión es una función del número de sitios monitoreados y el número de sitios es maximizado por la participación de voluntarios, nuestros resultados no soportan la creencia popular de que los esquemas basados en voluntarios tienen demasiado ruido para ser informativos. Al contrario, consideramos que los esquemas basados en voluntarios proporcionan datos confiables, con diseños de muestreo o métodos de análisis de datos de vanguardia, y consecuentemente pueden proporcionar resultados objetivos. La calidad de los datos recolectados por voluntarios probablemente está determinada por el diseño del muestreo, la metodolog\'ıa anal\'ıtica y las habilidades de comunicación de los esquemas y no por la participación de voluntarios per se. CY - Station d'Ecologie Exprimentale du CNRS Moulis, 09200 Saint Girons, France; UFZ Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; UMR 5173 & UMR 7179 MNHN-CNRS-UPMC, Musum National VL - 23 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01125.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - European species and habitat monitoring: where are we now? JF - Biodiversity and Conservation Y1 - 2008 DO - 10.1007/s10531-008-9514-1 A1 - Schmeller, Dirk SP - 3321–3326 KW - biodiversity KW - methods KW - monitoring AB - Abstract  Biodiversity now is considered a highly valuable material, providing manifold services of high importance for the well-being of humankind. However, biodiversity globally is rapidly diminishing and, despite efforts to halt the loss of biodiversity, positive effects are hardly visible. Biodiversity monitoring, the close observation of our natural environment, is imperative to determine the state and trend of organism populations and their habitats. Therefore, it has become a centrepiece of nature conservation across the globe. However, monitoring activities are not centrally coordinated, differ vastly in their monitoring targets, sampling designs, and human resource needs. This special issue on biodiversity and monitoring presents an overview of the current state of biodiversity monitoring in Europe, gives suggestions for the integration of monitoring data to improve the geographical and taxonomic coverage, deals with general methodological aspects of monitoring biodiversity across different geographic scales, the involvement of the public in monitoring activities, and provides some monitoring case studies. The special issue is aimed to provide recommendations and suggestions for more standardized monitoring approaches, and is mainly based on the findings of the EU-project EuMon. VL - 17 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-008-9514-1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Management and research applications of real-time and archival passive acoustic sensors over varying temporal and spatial scales JF - Marine Ecology Progress Series Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.3354/meps08123 A1 - Van Parijs, S. M. A1 - Clark, C. W. A1 - Sousa-Lima, R. S. A1 - Parks, S. E. A1 - Rankin, S. A1 - Risch, D. A1 - Van Opzeeland, I. C. SP - 21–36 KW - amibio KW - bioacoustics KW - marine KW - monitoring KW - sensors KW - wireless VL - 395 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08123 ER - TY - CONF T1 - The SpaTeC composite event language for spatio-temporal reasoning in mobile systems T2 - DEBS '09: Proceedings of the Third ACM International Conference on Distributed Event-Based Systems Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.1145/1619258.1619273 A1 - Grosche, Scarlet S. A1 - Moody, Ken SP - 1–12 KW - amibio KW - events KW - it KW - monitoring KW - wireless AB - In mobile systems, the requirements on composite event detection are fundamentally different from those in distributed systems. Composite event detection must be driven not just by the time of occurrence of an event, but also by its location of occurrence; composite event detection, as applied in traditional distributed event-based systems, needs to be reassessed. In this paper, we motivate the need to support spatio-temporal relations between composite events in mobile systems and introduce SpaTeC , a composite event language that enables simultaneous matching of event occurrences over space and time. Composite event operators provide for coarse spatio-temporal reasoning. Spatial and temporal restrictions constrain composite event detection in space and time and provide a basis for event filtering and spatio-temporal routing. Time and location stamps use a guaranteed bounds model for location estimation and time synchronization. The semantics of SpaTeC event operators is defined within this framework. JF - DEBS '09: Proceedings of the Third ACM International Conference on Distributed Event-Based Systems PB - ACM CY - New York, NY, USA SN - 978-1-60558-665-6 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1619258.1619273 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acoustic and satellite remote sensing of blue whale seasonality and habitat in the Northeast Pacific JF - Views of Ocean Processes from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) Mission: Volume 2 Y1 - 2004 DO - 10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.06.020 A1 - Burtenshaw, Jessica C. A1 - Oleson, Erin M. A1 - Hildebrand, John A. A1 - Mcdonald, Mark A. A1 - Andrew, Rex K. A1 - Howe, Bruce M. A1 - Mercer, James A. SP - 967–986 KW - acoustic-monitoring KW - migration KW - monitoring KW - rs KW - whales AB - Northeast Pacific blue whales seasonally migrate, ranging from the waters off Central America to the Gulf of Alaska. Using acoustic and satellite remote sensing, we have continuously monitored the acoustic activity and habitat of blue whales during 1994-2000. Calling blue whales primarily aggregate off the coast of southern and central California in the late summer, coinciding with the timing of the peak euphausiid biomass, their preferred prey. The northward bloom of primary production along the coast and subsequent northbound movements of the blue whales are apparent in the satellite and acoustic records, respectively, with the calling blue whales moving north along the Oregon and Washington coasts to a secondary foraging area with high primary productivity off Vancouver Island in the late fall. El Nio conditions, indicated by elevated sea-surface temperature and depressed regional chlorophyll-a concentrations, are apparent in the satellite records, particularly in the Southern California Bight during 1997/1998. These conditions disrupt biological production and alter the presence of calling blue whales in primary feeding locations. Remote sensing using acoustics is well suited to characterizing the seasonal movements and relative abundance of the northeast Pacific blue whales, and remote sensing using satellites allows for monitoring their habitat. These technologies are invaluable because of their ability to provide continuous large-scale spatial and temporal coverage of the blue whale migration. VL - 51 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.06.020 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Barometer of Life JF - Science Y1 - 2010 DO - 10.1126/science.1188606 A1 - Stuart, S. N. A1 - Wilson, E. O. A1 - McNeely, J. A. A1 - Mittermeier, R. A. A1 - Rodriguez, J. P. SP - 177+ KW - biodiversity KW - conservation KW - iucn KW - monitoring KW - redlist AB - 10.1126/science.1188606 VL - 328 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1188606 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cyberinfrastructure for the analysis of ecological acoustic sensor data: a use case study in grid deployment JF - Cluster Computing Y1 - Submitted DO - 10.1007/s10586-007-0033-8 A1 - Butler, Randy A1 - Servilla, Mark A1 - Gage, Stuart A1 - Basney, Jim A1 - Welch, Von A1 - Baker, Bill A1 - Fleury, Terry A1 - Duda, Patrick A1 - Gehrig, David A1 - Bletzinger, Michael A1 - Tao, Jing A1 - Freemon, D. Michael SP - 301–310 KW - bioacoustics KW - monitoring KW - network KW - sensor VL - 10 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10586-007-0033-8 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population density estimated from locations of individuals on a passive detector array JF - Ecology Y1 - 2009 DO - 10.1890/08-1735.1 A1 - Efford, Murray G. A1 - Dawson, Deanna K. A1 - Borchers, David L. SP - 2676–2682 KW - bioacoustics KW - ecology KW - monitoring KW - populations VL - 90 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-1735.1 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Replicated sampling increases efficiency in monitoring biological populations JF - Ecology Y1 - 2010 DO - 10.1890/08-1095.1 A1 - Dennis, Brian A1 - Ponciano, José M. A1 - Taper, Mark L. SP - 610–620 KW - ecology KW - methods KW - monitoring KW - sampling VL - 91 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/08-1095.1 ER -