00578nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245007200055210006900127260003300196300001600229490000700245653001700252653000800269100002700277700001700304700002000321856005500341       2005                        eng d  a0888-889200aPlanning for Biodiversity: the Role of Ecological Impact Assessment0 aPlanning for Biodiversity the Role of Ecological Impact Assessme  bBlackwell PublishingcAugust  a1254–12610 v1910aconservation10aeia1 aMandelik, Y., A. E. L.1 aDayan, Tamar1 aFeitelson, Eran  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00079.x01960nas a2200193   4500008004100000245014000041210006900181260001100250300001600261490000800277520133100285653001401616653001301630653001201643653001501655100002601670700002501696856004501721       2005                        eng d00aProblems with mitochondrial DNA as a marker in population, phylogeographic and phylogenetic studies: the effects of inherited symbionts0 aProblems with mitochondrial DNA as a marker in population phylog  cAugust  a1525–15340 v2723 a10.1098/rspb.2005.3056 Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been a marker of choice for reconstructing historical patterns of population demography, admixture, biogeography and speciation. However, it has recently been suggested that the pervasive nature of direct and indirect selection on this molecule renders any conclusion derived from it ambiguous. We review here the evidence for indirect selection on mtDNA in arthropods arising from linkage disequilibrium with maternally inherited symbionts. We note first that these symbionts are very common in arthropods and then review studies that reveal the extent to which they shape mtDNA evolution. mtDNA diversity patterns are compatible with neutral expectations for an uninfected population in only 2 of 19 cases. The remaining 17 studies revealed cases of symbiont-driven reduction in mtDNA diversity, symbiont-driven increases in diversity, symbiont-driven changes in mtDNA variation over space and symbiont-associated paraphyly of mtDNA. We therefore conclude that these elements often confound the inference of an organism's evolutionary history from mtDNA data and that mtDNA on its own is an unsuitable marker for the study of recent historical events in arthropods. We also discuss the impact of these studies on the current programme of taxonomy based on DNA bar-coding.10abarcoding10agenetics10alaupala10aorthoptera1 aHurst, Gregory, D. D.1 aJiggins, Francis, M.  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.305601750nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001300041245009900054210006900153260001200222300001600234490000700250520115700257653000801414653001701422653001901439653000701458100001301465700001301478856005301491       2005                        eng d  a0003682X00aDevelopment of a noise sources classification system based on new method for feature selection0 aDevelopment of a noise sources classification system based on ne  cOctober  a1196–12050 v663 aFeature selection of noise sources is important for noise sources detection and classification. In this paper, a new rough set based feature selection method has been given. Based on the method, a noise sources automatic classification system (NSACS) has been designed and validated. The key idea of the method is that most effective features can distinguish the most number of samples belonging to different classes of noise sources, if they are used for classification. This new approach has been applied into the system NSACS to select relevant features for artificial datasets and real-world datasets and the results have shown that this approach can correctly select all the relevant features of artificial datasets and at the same time it can drastically reduce the number of features. From the experiments, it can be found that to consider all the five datasets, the number of classification features after selection drops to 35% and the accurate classification rate increases about 14%. For the underwater noise sources dataset the number of features drops to 1/5 and the accurate classification rate increases about 6% after feature selection.10aasr10abioacoustics10aclassification10ait1 aZeng, X.1 aZhan, Y.  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2005.02.00700483nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001400041245003300055210003300088260003100121300001400152490000700166653002900173653002400202653001300226100001900239856005500258       2005                        eng d  a0024-406600aTowards integrative taxonomy0 aTowards integrative taxonomy  bBlackwell PublishingcJuly  a407–4150 v8510abiodiversity-informatics10ataxonomicimpediment10ataxonomy1 aDayrat, Benoit  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00503.x02895nas a2200193   4500008004100000022001400041245012200055210006900177260001000246300001200256520228000268653001702548653001502565653001302580653001502593100002402608700002202632856004702654       2005                        eng d  a0005-795900aMale competition and aggregative behaviour are mediated by acoustic cues within a temporally unstructured aggregation0 aMale competition and aggregative behaviour are mediated by acous  bBRILL  a71–903 aWe investigated the dynamics of temporally unstructured acoustic signalling aggregations, where direct interactions among males appear to be absent. The short-winged meadow katydid, Conocephalus brevipennis Scudder (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), is a species whose males form dense, aphasic singing aggregations. By studying both phonotactic responses and male calling behaviour towards conspecific, heterospecific, and aggregate signals (combined songs of many individuals), we examined how males might respond to acoustic signals within such aggregations, and whether such apparently unstructured groups do in fact possess spatial or temporal structure. Phonotactic bioassays demonstrate that males and females are attracted to conspecific and aggregate, but not heterospecific song. When given a choice between individual conspecific and aggregate song, females prefer conspecific song, whereas males preferred aggregate song, but only if it was presented at a lower relative intensity than the individual song. Response to aggregate song also depended on male size&\#8212;the largest males approached the broadcast speaker more closely than smaller males. Experiments examining male calling behaviour show that they respond differently to playback of conspecific song, as compared to heterospecific and aggregate signals. For heterospecific and aggregate song, males decrease their singing rate, but recover after playback ceases. Playback of conspecific song resulted in a decrease in singing that persisted after the end of playback when males were initially weak singers, but little effect for males that were initially strong singers. Males also varied the number of species-specific 'tick' elements they included in songs. Weaker singers reduced the number of ticks per song in response to playback. Stronger singers increased tick rates for conspecific and heterospecific playback, but decreased during aggregate song playback. Our results demonstrate that calling song, in addition to attracting females, may be used by males to facilitate aggregation and mediate the segregation of large and small signallers. Males also compete acoustically with one another by varying their overall singing rate and the frequency of tick elements relative to competing signallers.10aaggregations10achorussing10akatydids10aorthoptera1 aGuerra, Patrick, A.1 aMason, Andrew, C.  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539053627730